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Compare New Caledonia (2006) - New Caledonia (2006)

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 New Caledonia (2006)New Caledonia (2006)
 New CaledoniaNew Caledonia
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.4% (male 31,818/female 30,503)


15-64 years: 64.9% (male 71,565/female 70,815)


65 years and over: 6.6% (male 6,773/female 7,772) (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 28.4% (male 31,818/female 30,503)


15-64 years: 64.9% (male 71,565/female 70,815)


65 years and over: 6.6% (male 6,773/female 7,772) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish
Airports 25 (2006) 25 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 11


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
total: 11


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 6 (2006)
total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 6 (2006)
Area total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence. Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence.
Birth rate 18.11 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 18.11 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues: $856.3 million


expenditures: $836.5 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $856.3 million


expenditures: $836.5 million (1996 est.)
Capital name: Noumea


geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E


time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Noumea


geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E


time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
Coastline 2,254 km 2,254 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
Death rate 5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $79 million (1998 est.) $79 million (1998 est.)
Dependency status territorial collectivity of France since 1998 territorial collectivity of France since 1998
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of France) none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of France) none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu
Economic aid - recipient $525 million annual subsidy from France (2004) $525 million annual subsidy from France (2004)
Economy - overview New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.
Electricity - consumption 1.47 billion kWh (2003) 1.47 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production 1.581 billion kWh (2003) 1.581 billion kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
Environment - current issues erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires
Ethnic groups Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
Exchange rates Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003), 126.71 (2002), 133.26 (2001) Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003), 126.71 (2002), 133.26 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Michel MATHIEU (since 15 July 2005)


head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004)


cabinet: Consultative Committee consists of eight members chosen from leading figures on the island to advise the High Commissioner


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions
chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Michel MATHIEU (since 15 July 2005)


head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004)


cabinet: Consultative Committee consists of eight members chosen from leading figures on the island to advise the High Commissioner


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions
Exports NA bbl/day NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities ferronickels, nickel ore, fish ferronickels, nickel ore, fish
Exports - partners Japan 21.4%, France 16%, Taiwan 11.4%, South Korea 10.1%, Spain 9%, China 7.2%, South Africa 5.2%, Belgium 4.5% (2005) Japan 21.4%, France 16%, Taiwan 11.4%, South Korea 10.1%, Spain 9%, China 7.2%, South Africa 5.2%, Belgium 4.5% (2005)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 15%


industry: 8.8%


services: 76.2% (1997 est.)
agriculture: 15%


industry: 8.8%


services: 76.2% (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates 21 30 S, 165 30 E 21 30 S, 165 30 E
Geography - note consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls
Heliports 6 (2006) 6 (2006)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA bbl/day NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners France 39%, Singapore 17.4%, Australia 13%, NZ 5.3% (2005) France 39%, Singapore 17.4%, Australia 13%, NZ 5.3% (2005)
Independence none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014
Industrial production growth rate -0.6% (1996) -0.6% (1996)
Industries nickel mining and smelting nickel mining and smelting
Infant mortality rate total: 7.57 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.27 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
total: 7.57 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.27 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.6% (2000 est.) -0.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ICFTU, PIF (observer), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO ICFTU, PIF (observer), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO
Irrigated land 100 sq km (2003) 100 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
Labor force 78,990 (including 11,300 unemployed) (2004) 78,990 (including 11,300 unemployed) (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 20%


industry: 20%


services: 60% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 20%


industry: 20%


services: 60% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0.32%


permanent crops: 0.22%


other: 99.46% (2005)
arable land: 0.32%


permanent crops: 0.22%


other: 99.46% (2005)
Languages French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Legal system the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3


note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3


note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 74.27 years


male: 71.29 years


female: 77.39 years (2006 est.)
total population: 74.27 years


male: 71.29 years


female: 77.39 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
Location Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Oceania Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2006)
total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT


by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2006)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure NA NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA NA
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
Natural hazards cyclones, most frequent from November to March cyclones, most frequent from November to March
Natural resources nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2006 est.)
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 219,246 (July 2006 est.) 219,246 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.24% (2006 est.) 1.24% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 55,300 (2005) 55,300 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular 134,300 (2005) 134,300 (2005)
Television broadcast stations 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain coastal plains with interior mountains coastal plains with interior mountains
Total fertility rate 2.28 children born/woman (2006 est.) 2.28 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 17.1% (2004) 17.1% (2004)
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